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Efferocytosis-the phagocytic clearance of apoptotic cells-is central to tissue homeostasis and the active resolution of inflammation. Although its mechanistic basis and disease relevance have been studied in isolation, no review has comprehensively integrated neutrophil efferocytosis mechanisms, the...

<b>Introduction:</b> Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease frequently necessitating surgical intervention, particularly ileocecal resection (ICR), due to complications unresponsive to medical therapy. Postoperative complications remain a significant concern, highli...

Lipid mediators can control the inflammatory response in infectious diseases, including leishmaniasis. However, these mediators may promote antagonistic roles in the Leishmania-host interaction depending on the species involved in the infection. Herein, we analyzed the role of mediators in the Leish...

Neutrophils are key innate immune cells whose effector mechanisms are increasingly recognized as therapeutic targets in chronic inflammation and cancer. While highly heterogeneous and functionally versatile, they can also exacerbate inflammation and tissue damage, making precise modulation critical ...

CONCLUSION: Even in a tertiary referral centre, half of TTs lacked documented assessment in children with NCFB, particularly psychosocial and behavioural factors. Based on these findings, we propose a pragmatic TT checklist, used as a flexible clinical guide, to support structured, clinically releva...

Obesity-related asthma is a major clinical challenge defined by its unique pathology and resistance to corticosteroids. Here, we reframe this disease through the lens of tissue-specific "maladaptive plasticity" of group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s). We propose a central dichotomy: in the obese lu...

CONCLUSION: Anaemia is an important factor associated with increased disease severity and adverse clinical outcomes in MSIs. NLR and CRP appear to be more reliable indicators of disease severity than total WBC count in anaemic patients.

Uncontrolled neuroinflammation following cerebral ischemia-reperfusion is a core pathophysiological process driving secondary brain injury and leading to long-term neurological dysfunction. For decades, traditional "anti-inflammatory" strategies targeting the inhibition of key pro-inflammatory pathw...

CONCLUSION: We constructed an immune-related ceRNA network in SCI, identifying six core miRNAs that regulate immune pathways and astrocyte-macrophage interactions. These findings provide new insights into SCI pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets.

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) vasculitides are autoimmune disorders driven by autoantibodies against neutrophil granule proteins, myeloperoxidase (MPO) and proteinase 3, which cause necrotizing small-vessel inflammation with prominent lung and kidney involvement, resulting in pulmonary...

INTRODUCTION: Articular cartilage defect (ACD) is a refractory disease in sports medicine with poor self-healing ability, mainly due to inflammatory infiltration and insufficient chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Conventional drug delivery systems suffer from poor absorp...

Infection of metallic implants remains a major clinical challenge, often leading to failure and the need for revision. One approach to the treatment of infection is by debridement to remove infected tissue and biofilm - unfortunately this damages the implant surface and compromises secondary osseoin...

BACKGROUND: Current treatment of severe autoimmune glomerulonephritis such as lupus nephritis (LN) and anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) relies primarily on immunosuppression to reduce kidney inflammation and chronic damage. However, many patients exhibit persis...

Bronchiectasis is a highly heterogeneous chronic respiratory disease. This review aims to summarize recent advancements in pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies within the precision medicine framework, focusing on how individualized approaches to diagnosis and management are replacing conventional...

CONCLUSIONS: In critically ill AF patients, elevated ANS levels are significantly associated with reduced ACM risks at 30, 90, 180, and 360 days. ANS may serve as a valuable prognostic biomarker, but prospective studies are needed to validate our findings and assess its clinical utility.

Tuft cells act as sentinels that amplify type 2 inflammation primarily by activating type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s). Although normally absent from the distal lung, ectopic tuft cells form after severe lung injury including influenza infection in mice. Here, we investigated the function of thes...

Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A Streptococcus ) causes infections with a disproportionately hyperinflammatory response from the host, such as scarlet fever, necrotizing fasciitis, and toxic shock syndrome. Inflammation is specifically driven by S. pyogenes virulence factors, including the protease S...

CONCLUSIONS: These results support the hypothesis that chymase-positive MCs contribute to myocardial inflammation and fibrosis in the context of COVID-19. Understanding their role may open avenues for targeted therapies aimed at mitigating cardiac complications in future coronavirus-related diseases...

Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are chronic respiratory disorders with distinct pathological mechanisms. Even advancements in conventional therapies, the treatment of these diseases remains challenging due to their complex pathophysiology and limited efficacy of current anti-...

CONCLUSIONS: Elevated baseline NLR is an independent predictor of unfavorable survival in advanced NSCLC patients receiving ICIs. Given its simplicity and cost-effectiveness, NLR may serve as a valuable biomarker for risk stratification and personalized treatment planning in clinical practice.

CONCLUSIONS: We identify a potentially PF4 ^(+) /PPBP ^(+) megakaryocyte-like granulocyte subset associated with immune dysregulation in ADs. While flow cytometry provides protein-level evidence for this population, further mechanistic studies are required to fully elucidate its functional role in d...

Emerging evidence links cardiovascular disease (CVD) to organ-to-organ signaling that extends beyond the heart. The spleen is increasingly recognized as an innervated immune organ that rapidly remodels after cardiovascular injury and, in turn, regulates myocardial inflammation, repair, and remodelin...

CONCLUSIONS: In patients undergoing PCI, we observed an acute increase in circulating neutrophil cell-specific activation and immaturity markers following PCI but no significant effects of PCI on neutrophil degranulation. Further research is needed to understand whether these effects contribute to l...

CONCLUSION: In patients with PTC, elevated PHR, calcification, and capsular invasion are independent risk factors for LNM. Assisting in the evaluation of patients' risk of LNM and offering direction for the creation of postoperative follow-up regimens, the three-variable logistic regression model ex...

CONCLUSION: CLIC1 acts as a compensatory barrier-protective molecule in inflamed endothelium and represents a potential therapeutic target for inflammatory skin disorders.

N⁶-methyladenosine (m⁶A) modification is crucial in sepsis-related organ damage, but its profiles in sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI) remain unclear. In this study, we elucidated the landscape and network of m⁶A modification in a rat model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI. Total m⁶A lev...

Obesity is a well-established risk factor for increased severity and mortality in acute pancreatitis. However, the mechanisms by which obesity alters pancreatic immune regulation and favors the progression of acute pancreatitis are not elucidated yet. Here, we identify a neutrophil-driven immune-met...

Non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) serves as a primary cause of cardioembolic stroke, with left atrial thrombus (LAT) functioning as its major thrombotic substrate. The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) has gained recognition as a dependable biomarker in cardiovascular disease. Neverthel...

Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC) is a global public health issue. Traditionally diagnosed in individuals over 60 years old, there has been a rising incidence among young patients (< 45 years). This retrospective and descriptive study analyzes the epidemiological, clinical, and bi...

CONCLUSION: NETs drive post-traumatic urethral fibrosis by activating fibroblasts and amplifying inflammation. Targeting NETs or their uptake via TLR9 inhibition may offer a promising therapeutic strategy for urethral stricture.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) represents a highly prevalent liver disorder characterized by hepatic fat accumulation in the context of metabolic impairment. Persistent low-grade inflammation is recognized as a central mechanism underlying its development and progressio...

CONCLUSION: Ginsenoside Rd exerts protective effects against PM2.5-induced pulmonary inflammation by directly inhibiting TAK1-mediated TLR2 signaling. These findings suggest its potential as a therapeutic candidate for inflammatory lung diseases aggravated by air pollution.

Delayed inflammatory complications after the coil embolization of intracranial aneurysms appearing years after angiographic cure are rare. We describe a patient who underwent coil embolization for a ruptured internal carotid-posterior communicating artery aneurysm at 61 years of age and developed re...

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an opportunistic pathogen, is a primary cause of acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in immunocompromised individuals. Isoliquiritigenin (ISL), a natural flavonoid primarily found in liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra), has demonstrated protectiv...

CONCLUSIONS: CPE exerts potent anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-aging activities primarily through suppression of the MAPK signaling pathway, leading to reduced expression of downstream mediators. These findings highlight CPE as a promising bioactive ingredient for dermatological applicat...

CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggested that elevated ANC was an independent, adverse prognostic factor for worse survival and distant metastasis outcomes. It was also associated with worse locoregional failure among patients with p16-positive tumors.

CONCLUSIONS: A negative association was observed between cognitive performance and WWI. The blood inflammation indexes were found to partially mediate the relationship between WWI and cognition. These findings warrant further evaluation in different populations.

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a chronic degenerative disease characterized by localized aortic dilation and persistent inflammation. While neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are increasingly recognized as key drivers of vascular inflammation and aneurysm progression, the transcriptomic lands...

Diagnosing acute cholecystitis (AC) in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is challenging because chronic systemic inflammation and immune dysregulation may obscure acute inflammatory responses. Conventional inflammatory markers may therefore have limited diagnostic specificity in this popu...

Existing studies suggest that cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) affects cognitive function, but the role of systemic inflammation in this association remains unclear. Therefore, investigating the mechanistic role of systemic inflammation in the link between CMM and cognitive decline is crucial. T...

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disorder, leading to long-lasting pain. This study aimed to explore the relationship between geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) and immune-inflammatory biomarkers neutrophil-percentage-to-lymphocyte ratio (NPAR)/neutrophil-to-lympho...

The C-reactive protein-albumin-lymphocyte (CALLY) index reflects the body's inflammatory, nutritional, and immune status, and has been shown to correlate with cancer prognosis. However, its impact on atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation outcomes remains unclear. We retrospectively analyzed 1042 AF pati...

CONCLUSION: YHJ has a significant therapeutic effect on AA mice by reducing the phosphorylation and activation of NF-κB, decreasing the expression of proteins related to NET formation, and inhibiting NET formation and the release of inflammatory factors in vitro and in vivo.

CONCLUSIONS: Systemic inflammatory and nutritional indices may provide complementary information in the evaluation of endometrial pathology. While SII appears to be associated with malignancy risk, PNI primarily reflects tumour aggressiveness rather than diagnostic discrimination. These readily avai...

Interleukin-17 (IL-17) and IL-17+ secretory cells, including T helper 17 (Th17) cells play pivotal roles in autoimmune diseases such as psoriasis. Emerging evidence implicates the IL-17 pathway in primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), a chronic cholestatic liver disease lacking approved pharmacologi...

NETosis represents a distinct type of neutrophil activation, marked by the discharge of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) network-like formations mainly consisting of decondensed chromatin interspersed with antimicrobial proteins sourced from neutrophil granules and cytoplasmic components. Altho...

To investigate the clinical characteristics of muscle-dominant ANCA-associated vasculitis (muscle-dominant AAV) in a consecutive single-center cohort. We retrospectively analyzed consecutive patients newly diagnosed with microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) and granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) at a ...

CONCLUSIONS: After adjusting for key confounders, metabolic indicators, inflammatory biomarkers, and sedentary time were associated with cardiometabolic comorbidities among cancer patients. BP parameters showed complex bidirectional associations with cardiovascular and metabolic outcomes. These find...

Duckweed polysaccharides constitute an underexplored yet functionally important class of biomolecules within these rapidly proliferating aquatic plants. Although abundant in cell walls and implicated in diverse bioactivities, their structural elucidation beyond pectic fractions has remained scarce. ...

CONCLUSION: G-CSF enhances neutrophil antifungal activity and is associated with modulation INHBA, suggesting a potential regulatory axis in neutrophil dysfunction during A. fumigatus infection. Ex vivo G-CSF-activated neutrophil transfer may represent a promising immunotherapeutic strategy for inva...

The inclusion of microalgae in ruminant nutrition offers a well-documented approach to enhance the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) profile of animal products while potentially modulating immune and oxidative functions. This study evaluated the long-term effects of dietary supplementation with ...

Early detection of endotoxemia-related systemic inflammation remains a major unmet diagnostic need. Established inflammatory biomarkers largely reflect downstream protein biosynthesis and therefore rise with delay. Direct monitoring of rapid leukocyte phenotype changes, particularly in neutrophils, ...

Sjögren's disease (SjD) is an autoimmune exocrinopathy characterized by heterogeneous extraglandular manifestations (EGM). The systemic immune-inflammation biomarkers, including the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII)...

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and fatal complication of severe pneumonia, yet the mechanisms linking pulmonary inflammation to remote kidney injury remain poorly understood. Multicenter cohort data (n = 300) revealed that the incidence of severe pneumonia-associated AKI (SP-AKI) was 53.6%, w...

CONCLUSION: Collectively, our results highlight the importance of redox regulation in bacterial pathogenesis and identify GPx as a potential target for redox-based anti-virulence strategies against multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa.

CONCLUSION: The use of AVAC in a case series with mainly GPA patients led to rapid clinical improvement, reduction of corticosteroid doses, and improvement in fatigue. The findings demonstrate beneficial effects of AVAC as add-on therapy in severe AAV.

Glufosinate-ammonium (GA) is a widely utilised herbicide. With the gradual phase-out of highly toxic herbicides, the usage rate of GA as an alternative herbicide has significantly increased, which has led to a rise in GA poisoning incidents. In this study, an acute GA poisoning mouse model was const...

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a pleiotropic cytokine that plays a complex and critical dual regulatory role in the development, progression, and immunotherapy of lung cancer. In recent years, with the deepening of research into the tumor microenvironment (TME), GM-CSF ...

The cause of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is not known, but both innate and adaptive immunity contribute to IBD pathogenesis. To better understand the contributions of innate immunity to IBD, we have generated a mouse model of IBD that occurs spontaneously in the absence of adaptive immunity. Th...

Astrocyte-mediated neuroinflammation has recently been implicated as a key contributor to neurodegeneration following retinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. However, the role of miR‑16‑5p in this process remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the function and mechanism of miR‑16‑5p. Tar...

CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that in murine models, Ppm1d mutations are not sufficient to promote atherosclerosis, suggesting that the epidemiological association between PPM1D CH and coronary artery disease may not be due to changes in plaque development.

In recent years, the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in China has shown a significant upward trend. The invasive nature of colonoscopy limits its widespread application in population screening and long-term follow-up, while conventional laboratory parameters still suffer from insuffici...

CONCLUSION: NPHR, FPR, and PLT are independent predictors of moderate-to-severe UC. The combination of these markers enhances predictive accuracy and provides a valuable tool for disease activity assessment.

Cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors such as palbociclib have improved the treatment of hormone receptor-positive, luminal A breast cancer; however, therapeutic resistance remains a major challenge. Wild-type p53-induced phosphatase 1 (Wip1) is a negative regulator of the p53 pathway and ...

Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a clinically significant enzyme biomarker of neutrophil activation and oxidative inflammation, whose elevated levels in fecal specimens serve as a reliable non-invasive indicator of mucosal damage and disease activity in inflammatory bowel disease, particularly ulcerative co...

This review aims to comprehensively examine the role of the NF-κB signalling pathway as a central mediator of intestinal inflammation, integrating evidence from microbiota dysbiosis, immune activation, neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation, and the gut-brain axis, and to evaluate current and...

CONCLUSION: Retrostyloid abscesses are extremely rare and poorly documented. In patients with inflammatory bowel disease presenting with deep neck abscesses, aseptic abscess syndrome should be considered, as early recognition and multidisciplinary management are essential to prevent serious complica...

Platelets are increasingly recognised as inflammatory mediators that influence leukocyte behaviour, yet their spatial organisation and contribution to psoriatic skin inflammation remain incompletely understood. Here, spatial transcriptomics was used to map platelet-leukocyte niches (PLNi) across inf...

High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a protein with context-dependent pro- and anti-tumor functions, is expressed in tumor cells, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs), cancer-associated fibroblasts, and T cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME). The identity o...

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a rapidly progressing abdominal inflammatory disease associated with high morbidity and mortality, yet current pharmacological interventions remain limited and largely palliative. Herein, we developed a biomimetic, trypsin-responsive nanoparticle system (ФNM@BRZ) for targe...

CONCLUSIONS: CIRT was tolerable in older patients with ESCC but associated with inferior outcomes, though confounding cannot be excluded. Our analysis indicated a potential correlation between lymphocyte/monocyte dynamics and response, suggesting lymphopenia mitigation could improve efficacy.

Diabetic wounds present a complex pathological microenvironment that severely impairs healing. To address this challenge, we developed a supramolecular double-network hydrogel (CGRP@Rh-GelMA) consisting of a self-assembled rhein network and an in situ UV-crosslinked gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) fram...

In recent years, the complexity of viral infections has escalated, leading to a steady rise in the number of patients suffering from viral pneumonia. Both innate and adaptive immune cells play a crucial role in the development and clinical presentation of this condition. Viruses not only initiate th...

Inflammation critically contributes to the progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), a common and aggressive oral cancer. Excessive NLRP3 inflammasome activation drives tumor-associated chronic inflammation, which oral pathogens can trigger to enhance invasion and metastasis. The present s...

AIMS: Advanced glycation end products (AGEs), particularly AGE-modified albumin (AGE-BSA), have been implicated in vascular inflammation and endothelial dysfunction, while neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are known to aggravate endothelial injury. Here, we investigated whether AGE-BSA directly ...

CONCLUSION: CIINS is a simple and clinically applicable prognostic tool for patients with resected ICC, supporting individualized risk stratification and postoperative management.

In recent years, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have attracted widespread attention due to their roles in immune response and inflammation. Platelets have been shown to play a dual role as both stimulators and responders in the formation of NETs. In this review, we comprehensively describe th...

Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) is an endosomal sensor of single-stranded RNA that is highly expressed in macrophages and contributes to post-infarct inflammation. Whether TLR7 also restrains macrophage reparative function, particularly efferocytosis and clearance of inflammatory debris, remain unclear....

CONCLUSIONS: Circulating LCSFAs were positively associated with neutrophil-mediated inflammation and IR markers. In contrast, VLCSFAs, specifically C22:0, C23:0, and C24:0, exhibited inverse associations with these inflammatory and IR markers.

A critical challenge in sepsis treatment lies in its complex immune microenvironment, characterized by concurrent hyperinflammation and immunosuppression. This imbalance is jointly driven by dysregulated neutrophil programmed death and abnormal activation of the PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint. Therefo...

CONCLUSIONS: This study systematically characterizes NET-associated molecular signatures in the low-abundance plasma proteome of RA and provides a hypothesis-generating basis for future validation of candidate biomarkers and related pathways.

CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The study demonstrates that low α-interferon levels and high immune complex concentrations in patients with CRS and biofilms represent pathogenetically significant immune alterations. These findings highlight the need for further investigation of local and systemic immune me...

CONCLUSION: Conclusions: COPD remains one of the leading causes of disability and mortality worldwide. Correlation analysis between CRP, IL-6 levels, and exacerbation frequency revealed strong positive correlations in groups with combined pathology and the neutrophilic type of inflammation in COPD (...

ObjectiveTo investigate the associations of blood inflammatory biomarkers with all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in individuals with self-reported obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) symptoms.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included 10,230 adults aged ≥18 years with self-reported...

CONCLUSION: In this retrospective study, short-term isotretinoin treatment was not associated with significant changes in hematological inflammatory indices. Doxycycline treatment was associated with a reduction in NLR. These findings suggest that certain hematological indices may reflect short-term...

CONCLUSION: Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor may be used as an ancillary marker in the prediction of neonatal intensive care unit admission and adverse perinatal outcome in preterm premature rupture of membranes cases, along with clinical findings.

Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs), which can escalate into systemic disease. While innate immune responses play a critical role in bacterial clearance, the bacterial components themselves can exacerbate inflammation. Here, we demonstrate that S. aure...

CONCLUSION: This study provides the first evidence that serum FGL2 levels are elevated in IBS-D and are associated with inflammation, symptom severity, and psychological distress. While the correlations with immune and psychosocial measures are consistent with previous IBS research, the detection of...

INTRODUCTION: Mesalazine is a cornerstone therapy for ulcerative colitis (UC). Although generally safe, it can cause rare but life-threatening cardiopulmonary complications such as pleuropericarditis.

Bowel-associated dermatosis-arthritis syndrome (BADAS) is a rare neutrophilic dermatosis characterized by recurrent fever, arthralgias, and skin eruptions, most commonly occurring in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. We report the case of a 17-year-old female with Crohn's disease who develop...

CONCLUSION: LC at the time of initial AML diagnosis is uncommon and portends poor prognosis. Clinicians should remain vigilant for new skin lesions and cytopenias in cancer survivors previously exposed to chemotherapy, as early recognition of extramedullary AML may expedite timely diagnosis and care...

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic intestinal disorder caused by immune dysregulation, leading to persistent inflammation and recruiting a large number of immune cells to the intestinal inflammation sites. When immune cells become aberrantly activated, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic ...

Cuproptosis, a newly discovered form of copper-driven regulated cell death, has been shown to be closely related to ovarian function. However, whether the oocyte dysfunction, decreased ovulation efficiency, and cumulus cell aging caused by copper overload or imbalance are associated with regulatory ...

Neutrophils (polymorphonuclear leukocytes, PMN) are abundant innate immune cells that rapidly accumulate at mucosal surfaces during inflammation. While their antimicrobial functions are essential for host defense, sustained PMN activation profoundly alters the tissue microenvironment, driving epithe...

INTRODUCTION: Although ustekinumab (UST) has been recommended by guidelines as a parallel first-line biologic agent for Crohn's disease (CD), its efficacy varies among individuals. This study aimed to identify baseline clinical features and laboratory indicators that can predict clinical remission w...

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex disorder that is often resistant to immunomodulatory treatments. Here, to understand how immune, epithelial, and stromal compartments are rewired during disease initiation and progression, we leveraged T cell transfer and Il10^(-/-) spontaneous colitis m...

CONCLUSIONS: Deficiency in SIRL-1 appears to be a permissive factor for the pro-inflammatory IL-8 axis in IBD. The SIRL-1/IL-8 ratio represents a promising novel diagnostic biomarker that presents enhanced precision by reflecting the imbalance between immune regulation and inflammation. Notably, thi...

Background/Objectives: Pediatric intussusception, a condition where part of the intestine telescopes into an adjacent segment, predominantly affects children aged 6-18 months. Prompt diagnosis and management are crucial to prevent serious complications such as ischemia or necrosis. This systematic r...

Objectives: To evaluate the association between fecal calprotectin (FC) levels and routinely available blood-based inflammatory indices measured during the same clinical episode in pediatric patients, as well as to assess the diagnostic performance of a novel composite parameter, the Gastrointestina...

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), encompassing ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer through mechanisms driven by persistent mucosal inflammation. Chronic inflammatory signaling, recurrent epithelial injury, and altered tissue repair proc...

Background: The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a simple biomarker that reflects the balance between innate immune response and adaptive immunity. Currently, the genetic basis and clinical implications of NLR in relation to inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases have not been extensively exp...

Background/Objectives: Histologic remission has emerged as a key treatment target in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but routine assessment requires repeated endoscopy and biopsies. Blood-based indices reflecting inflammation, nutritional status and atherogenic risk are inexpensive and widely avai...

Neutrophil dysfunction and neutropenia are burdensome findings in glycogen storage disease type Ib (GSDIb). Treatment with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) often corrects neutropenia but fails to improve clinical symptoms like inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Recently, empagliflozin (E...

Heat stroke (HS) causes high mortality via multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, with intestinal barrier dysfunction as an early trigger of systemic inflammation. However, the roles of annexin A1 (ANXA1) in HS-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction remain unclear. Therefore, this study investigated t...

CONCLUSION: CB protects against DSS-induced colitis by suppressing IL-17A/IL-17RA/NF-κB-mediated NETs formation in neutrophils. IL-17A knockdown confirmed IL-17A as a critical upstream regulator of NETs, establishing the IL-17A-NETs axis as a central mechanistic target of CB.

No abstract

CXCL5 is an epithelial cell-derived neutrophil-activating peptide implicated in intestinal inflammation. We investigated the role of CXCL5 in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), with a focus on its interaction with IL-17 signaling. CXCL5 expression in colonic tissues from patients with IBD and its ass...

Intestinal barrier dysfunction underlies inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and is driven, in part, by pathological crosstalk between macrophages and neutrophils that sustains pro-inflammatory cytokine release and excessive formation of neutrophil extracellular trap (NET). In this study, an oral casca...

Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is an age-associated condition whose population-level characteristics and clinical concordance in Japan remain incompletely defined. We analyzed whole-genome sequencing data from 49,982 participants in the Tohoku Medical Megabank (TMM) cohort to...

Disruption of the intestinal barrier is a hallmark of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and drives both epithelial injury and neutrophil-mediated inflammation, yet rapid, multiplexed assessment of these processes remains an unmet clinical need. Intestinal fatty acid binding protein (iFABP) and fecal ...

Anisakiasis is a parasitic infection caused by ingestion of raw or undercooked seafood containing Anisakis larvae. Although gastric involvement is common, colonic anisakiasis is rare and may be asymptomatic, making diagnosis difficult without endoscopic evaluation. We report a case of asymptomatic c...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: In inherited bone marrow failure syndromes (IBMFS), clonal hematopoiesis (CH) has been increasingly recognized as a molecular fingerprint of the underlying pathophysiology. A specific clonal profile has been reported in telomere biology disorders (TBDs), an IBMFS caused by pathoge...

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a prevalent disease with an increasing incidence, and aging is a key risk factor for its progression. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the role of aging-related genes in IDD through bioinformatics analysis. Differentially expressed aging-related genes ...

While immunotherapy based on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) shows limited efficacy in colorectal cancer (CRC) due to its immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, strategies to activate innate immunity remain underexplored. Here, we identified wild-type p53-induced phosphatase 1 (WIP1/PPM1D) as...

Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) refers to the expansion of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells carrying somatic mutations and is increasingly identified in oncology through cell-free DNA testing. Once regarded mostly as a precursor to myeloid neoplasms and a contributor to cardiovascular disease, CH i...

CONCLUSIONS: CHIP was associated with elevated risk of psychiatric disorders, specifically major depressive disorders and substance use disorders, with gene-specific associations observed with changes in brain WM tracts. These findings revealed a potential biological association between CHIP and psy...

With the development of high-throughput sequencing technology, clonal hematopoiesis has received extensive attention in the research of cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and hematological diseases. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is an effective treatment for malignant hematological di...

CONCLUSION: 177Lu-PSMA-617 strongly promotes CH, supporting integration of longitudinal monitoring for long-term hematologic sequelae as radioligand therapy is implemented earlier in prostate cancer care.

Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is a lethal pediatric brain tumor with limited therapeutic progress due to its infiltrative brainstem location, blood-brain barrier (BBB), and resistance to systemic agents. We present a novel strategy for targeted central nervous system (CNS) delivery of ATSP...

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and clonal hematopoiesis (CH) both commonly occur in older individuals. To characterize CH in CLL, 620 patients were analyzed (CLL12 [ibrutinib vs placebo] and CLL14 [venetoclax-obinutuzumab (Ven-Obi) vs chlorambucil-obinutuzumab (Clb-Obi)]) using error-corrected n...

Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is defined by the expansion of hematopoietic stem cells harboring leukemogenic mutations in the absence of overt malignancy. Strongly associated with advancing age, CHIP is detected by next-generation sequencing of peripheral blood in more than ...

CONDITION OVERVIEW: Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) refers to the presence of somatic variants in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) that result in expansion over time.

TP53 and PPM1D are key regulators of DNA damage response and repair, and somatic mutations in these genes often co-occur in hematopoietic cells, expanding under genotoxic stress. Unlike TP53 mutations, where mechanisms of progression are defined, pathways underlying clonal fitness and transformation...

CONCLUSION: BM eosinophilia or basophilia was not uncommon. MDS with BM eosinophilia exhibited distinct mutational profiles including DDR genes mutations, which may attribute to adverse clinical outcomes. Identification of these subtypes can aid in prognosis and potentially guide targeted therapeuti...

Breast cancer (BC) comprises heterogeneous subtypes with distinct molecular drivers and clinical behaviors. Among the key signaling pathways implicated in BC progression is the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade, which regulates cell proliferation, apoptosis, and stress responses. micro...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) arises from the expansion of a single hematopoietic stem cell harboring somatic mutations that confer growth advantage. Recent studies highlight a substantial heritable component to CH, implicating germline mutations in DNA damage repair (DDR) genes. Thes...

CONCLUSIONS: Ppm1d mutations confer intermediate suppression of the p53 pathway, consistent with the clinical features of PPM1D-mutant DMGs and are associated with radiosensitivity and PARP inhibitor vulnerability.